Introduction
PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) and PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) are often used interchangeably, but differ in severity and long-term impact.
Both affect the ovaries and hormone balance, making awareness crucial for early diagnosis and management.
PCOS and PCOD Explained
PCOS
A hormonal and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age.
Symptoms: irregular periods, excess hair growth, acne, weight gain, and infertility.
Caused by high androgen (male hormone) levels.
Increases risks of diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease.
PCOD
A condition where multiple small cysts form in the ovaries due to a hormonal imbalance.
Symptoms: irregular periods, weight gain, acne.
Less severe than PCOS and often manageable with lifestyle changes.
Usually does not cause long-term health complications but still requires monitoring.
Early Signs Often Overlooked
Irregular menstrual cycles.
Sudden weight changes.
Persistent acne or oily skin.
Excessive hair growth.
Many women dismiss these as routine issues, delaying treatment.
Managing PCOS and PCOD
Lifestyle Modifications
Regular exercise and weight management.
Balanced diet: high in fibre, low in refined sugars.
Stress reduction and adequate sleep.
Medical Support
PCOS: often requires hormonal treatment to regulate cycles and prevent complications.
PCOD: usually manageable with consistent healthy habits, though medication may be needed in severe cases.
Key Differences and Awareness
PCOS is a syndrome with systemic effects; PCOD is a condition limited to the ovaries.
PCOS carries higher long-term health risks (diabetes, cardiovascular disease).
September is PCOS Awareness Month, emphasizing education and early diagnosis.
Global and indian Statistics
Globally, 1 in 10 women of reproductive age has PCOS.
In India, 10–20% of women are affected, many undiagnosed due to stigma.
Women with PCOS are 2–3 times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes.
Around 70% of women with PCOS face fertility challenges.
Conclusion
Both PCOS and PCOD impact physical and mental health.
Early detection, lifestyle changes, and medical care improve outcomes.
Studies show 70–80% women see improvement with proper management.
Awareness empowers women to take control of their reproductive and overall health.
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