Why Micronutrients Matter
Growth in childhood depends not only on calories but also on essential vitamins and minerals.
Micronutrients are needed in small amounts but play a big role in:
Strong bones and teeth
Brain development
Immunity and resistance to infections
Energy, focus, and learning abilities
Even mild deficiencies can cause long-term or irreversible damage.
Key Micronutrients & Their Roles
Iron
Prevents anemia and supports oxygen transport.
Deficiency signs: fatigue, pale skin, poor focus, and delayed cognitive growth.
Vitamin D & Calcium
Strengthen bones and teeth.
Deficiency leads to weak bones, rickets, and delayed walking.
Risk is higher in urban children with less sun exposure.
Zinc
Important for growth, immunity, and wound healing.
Lack causes frequent illness and slower physical development.
Vitamin A
Protects eyesight and boosts immunity.
Deficiency raises the risk of measles and diarrhea.
Iodine
Essential for thyroid function and brain development.
Deficiency lowers IQ and affects cognitive performance.
Warning Signs of Deficiency
Often subtle and easy to miss in early stages.
Common signs include:
Frequent infections or colds
Low energy, tiring easily
Slower growth or delayed milestones compared to peers
Brittle nails, dry hair, poor posture
What parents Can Do
Provide variety: Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, protein, and dairy daily.
Include protein and dairy: Eggs, fish, meat, and milk supply vital nutrients.
Choose fortified foods: Iodized salt, fortified cereals, and milk bridge nutrient gaps.
Encourage outdoor play: 20–30 minutes of sunlight supports natural vitamin D.
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