Pfizer and Moderna's two-dose Covid-19 vaccinations were 95% effective in preventing disease. Although exact comparisons are impossible, the one-shot Johnson & Johnson shot was 72%  successful. It is still possible to become infected with no or few symptoms or to become severely sick.

Experts believe that if you get sick despite immunisation, the injections can help lessen the severity of the disease. However, our understanding of how infected vaccinated persons might transfer the virus to others is evolving. Vaccination may increase the frequency of instances of measles and other viruses transmitted from person to person.

Infected individuals may carry enough viruses in their noses and throats to infect others. Previously, health experts assumed that vaccinated persons who contracted the virus as a result of a breakthrough illness were unlikely to spread it. The more contagious delta form is now dominant, and new evidence from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggests that persons who are sick may be infectious.

In regions where the infection is spreading, the CDC has modified its advice, advising people to return to wearing masks indoors. "It's alarming enough that we feel compelled to act," says Dr Rochelle Walensky, director of the CDC. The research was recently highlighted by the CDC in an update to its recommendations on how to handle a rise in norovirus infections.


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