Cholesterol: An Overview

  • Cholesterol is a fatty substance essential for:
    • Making cell membranes
    • Hormone production
    • Digestion
  • While necessary, excessive cholesterol can harm heart health.
  • Modern lifestyle factors—junk food, stress, lack of exercise—increase cholesterol levels.
  • High cholesterol narrows arteries, restricting blood flow, leading to heart attacks or strokes.


Types of Cholesterol


1. Bad cholesterol (LDL)

  • LDL = Low-Density Lipoprotein, considered harmful.
  • Accumulates in arteries → narrows them → reduces blood flow → increases risk of heart disease.
  • Recommended LDL levels:
    • <100 mg/dL → healthy
    • 130–159 mg/dL → borderline
    • >160 mg/dL → dangerous
  • High LDL may require:
    • Medication
    • Lifestyle changes (diet, exercise)

2. Good cholesterol (HDL)

  • HDL = High-Density Lipoprotein, considered beneficial.
  • Helps remove excess fat and cholesterol from the body.
  • Protects heart and improves circulation.
  • Recommended HDL levels:
    • ≥60 mg/dL → healthy
    • <40 mg/dL → increased heart risk


Lifestyle Factors Affecting Cholesterol

  • Hectic lifestyle → increases LDL, lowers HDL
  • Fried/junk food → raises bad cholesterol
  • Lack of exercise → reduces good cholesterol
  • Stress and poor habits → imbalance cholesterol levels


Maintaining Healthy Cholesterol

  • Diet: Eat balanced meals; include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats.
  • Exercise: Regular physical activity improves HDL and lowers LDL.
  • Avoid smoking → protects heart health
  • Weight management → reduces cholesterol-related risks
  • Stress reduction → helps maintain balance
  • Medication: For persistently high LDL, consult a doctor


Key Takeaways

  • Cholesterol is necessary but should be balanced.
  • Understanding LDL and HDL levels is crucial for heart health.
  • Lifestyle modifications are effective in managing cholesterol.
  • Regular check-ups ensure early detection of risks.

Disclaimer: Consult your doctor for personalized advice. Information provided is based on health experts, academic research, and verified sources.


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D N INDUJAA

09/09/2025 01:25 PM