Neurological problems have emerged as a significant global concern, affecting a large number of youth worldwide and posing substantial threats to physical and mental well-being. A recent study published in The Lancet Neurology Journal reveals alarming statistics, indicating that over 3.4 billion individuals, or more than 340 crore people, were living with various neurological issues in 2021.
Neurological problems encompass conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, collectively forming the nervous system, which regulates bodily functions. Afflictions to any part of the nervous system can result in impairments related to mobility, speech, eating, breathing, and cognitive abilities, leading to memory deficits and heightened mental health challenges. Certain neurological disorders are deemed particularly severe and can even be life-threatening.
The surge in global population, coupled with heightened exposure to pollution, metabolic risks, and lifestyle factors, has contributed to the escalating prevalence of neurological problems. Research indicates a concerning trend of rising disability and premature mortality associated with neurological conditions over the past three decades, quantified as Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), with an 18% increase reported.
The study identifies the top 10 neurological problems in 2021, including stroke, neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, Alzheimer's-dementia, diabetic neuropathy, meningitis, epilepsy, pediatric prematurity-related deaths, autism spectrum disorders, and nervous system cancers. Dr. Jamie Steinmetz, the lead author of the study from the Institute for health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) in Washington, emphasizes the widespread nature of these issues, affecting nearly all countries.
Alarmingly, more than 80% of deaths and health-related risks attributed to neurological disorders are observed in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the escalating challenges, only a quarter of countries had allocated specific budgets for neurological issues by 2017, and half had clinical guidelines in place. Dr. Steinmetz underscores the urgency for all nations to prioritize and address these pressing concerns effectively.
