A slow heart rate, medically called bradycardia, occurs when your heart beats fewer than 60 times per minute. While a slow heartbeat can be normal in some cases, especially in athletes, it can sometimes indicate an underlying heart problem that requires attention.
What Is a Normal heart Rate?
Adults: 60–100 beats per minute (bpm) at rest
Children: Varies by age
Athletes: Can have resting heart rates as low as 40–50 bpm without problems
Causes of Slow heart Rate
Heart-related conditions
Heart block (electrical signal problems in the heart)
Coronary artery disease
Previous heart attack or heart failure
Medical conditions
Hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone)
Electrolyte imbalances (low potassium or calcium)
Sleep apnea
Medications
Beta-blockers
Certain calcium channel blockers
Antiarrhythmic drugs
Lifestyle factors
Very high physical fitness
Extreme fasting or dehydration
Symptoms of Bradycardia
Some people with a slow heart rate may not notice any symptoms. However, if bradycardia becomes severe, it can lead to:
Fatigue or weakness
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
Confusion or memory problems
Fainting or near-fainting episodes
⚠️ If you experience chest pain, fainting, or severe dizziness, seek medical attention immediately. These could indicate a life-threatening problem.
Risks of Untreated Slow heart Rate
If left untreated, severe bradycardia can cause:
Heart failure
Low oxygen supply to vital organs
Sudden cardiac arrest in rare cases
Diagnosis
Doctors may use:
Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) to check electrical activity of the heart
Holter monitor for continuous heart rate tracking
Blood tests to check for thyroid or electrolyte issues
Treatment
Treatment depends on the cause and severity:
Lifestyle changes (if mild and asymptomatic)
Medication adjustment (if caused by drugs)
Pacemaker implantation for severe or persistent bradycardia
Treating underlying conditions like hypothyroidism or sleep apnea
Takeaway
A slow heartbeat is not always dangerous, but persistent bradycardia with symptoms can be a silent warning of heart disease. Regular check-ups, especially if you experience dizziness, fatigue, or fainting, are essential for early detection and treatment.
Disclaimer:
The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of any agency, organization, employer, or company. All information provided is for general informational purposes only. While every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, we make no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, about the completeness, reliability, or suitability of the information contained herein. Readers are advised to verify facts and seek professional advice where necessary. Any reliance placed on such information is strictly at the reader’s own risk.
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