World Down Syndrome Day: What is the cause?

The 21st of march is observed as World Down Syndrome Day. The purpose of the day is to raise consciousness of the genetic disorder known as Down syndrome. The non-profit Down Syndrome international founded the event in 2006, and it is now observed by a wide range of organizations internationally.

Although the precise origin of the disorder is unknown, it is a genetic trait that develops when chromosome 21 has an extra copy. Except for the s*x chromosome, all chromosomes in the organism typically only have two copies each.

What is Down Syndrome?

Trisomy 21, or Down syndrome, is a genetic disorder that develops when a person has an extra duplicate of chromosome 21. This additional genetic material may have an impact on how a person's body and brain grow, leading to some intellectual and physical disabilities.

People with Down syndrome frequently experience some recognizable signs. These include a small head, upturned eyes, a flat facial profile, and small nostrils and mouth. Additionally, people with Down syndrome are more likely to develop some diseases. heart defects, hearing and vision issues, and thyroid difficulties are a few examples of typical medical complications.

The majority of individuals with Down syndrome have mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. Children who may grow more slowly than other kids in skills like walking, talking, and social interaction frequently exhibit this.

The most prevalent type of Down syndrome, known as trisomy 21, is characterized by an extra duplicate of chromosome 21 in each body cell. Mosaicism is a less frequent type in which only some of the body's cells carry the additional copy of chromosome 21. Another uncommon variation of the condition called translocation occurs when a piece of chromosome 21 separates and attaches to another chromosome.