It is not always easy to tell whether a baby is truly constipated or simply following a normal bowel pattern.
Constipation usually means stools are very hard, dry, and difficult to pass.
Babies may strain, cry, or appear uncomfortable while passing stool.
Not having a daily bowel movement is not always a sign of constipation, since bowel frequency varies by child.
Some healthy breastfed newborns may pass stool only a few times per week.
Common Signs of Constipation in Babies and Children
Very hard, dry, or pellet-like stools
Pain or excessive straining during bowel movements
Unusual irritability or frequent crying
Bloated or firm stomach
Nausea or reduced feeding interest
Baby tries to pass stool but cannot.
Fewer than three bowel movements per week (more relevant in older infants/children)
Stool stains in underwear (in toilet-trained children)
Small streaks of blood on stool due to anal irritation or tiny tears
Withholding behavior — stiffening the body or crossing the legs to avoid passing stool.
Why Constipation Happens
Stool stays too long in the intestines.
Too much water is absorbed from the stool, making it hard.
Switching from breast milk to formula
Starting solid foods
Low fluid intake
Sudden diet changes
Environmental changes or travel
Fear or stress related to toilet training.
Previous painful bowel movement leading to stool withholding
Avoiding school or public toilets
Certain medicines or digestive conditions
Home Care and Prevention Tips
Continue regular breastfeeding or formula feeding.
Consult a doctor before giving extra water to babies under six months.
Babies over two months may be given small amounts of water or diluted fruit juice if advised.
After starting solids, offer fiber-rich baby foods (pureed fruits and vegetables)
For older children, increase fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Encourage regular fluid intake.
Avoid forcing toilet training during constipation episodes.
Support relaxed, pressure-free toilet habits.
When to See a Doctor
The baby is under two months and appears constipated.
No bowel movement for three days or more
Vomiting along with constipation
Severe irritability or persistent crying
Blood in stool repeatedly
Ongoing constipation despite home care
Poor feeding or swelling of the abdomen
If symptoms are severe or persistent, medical evaluation is important.
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